During application, spray foam, like most site-applied building materials, releases small amounts of chemical compounds into the air. Each manufacturer provides a time for re-occupancy after completion of the application. Spray Foam materials and coatings may emit odors that may be noticeable by some people.  However, with proper ventilation, these odors should subside.

Several spray foam products were independently tested (ULe GreenGuard, CAN-ULC 774, CA 01350) for the release of volatile organic compounds.  After the prescribed cure periods, measurements found no significant levels. Furthermore, one study performed by the American Medical Association assessed the toxicity of a number of foam plastic insulation products.   It concluded that fully-cured polyurethanes present no toxicity problems for humans (the Journal of The American Medical Association, Vol. 245, No. 3.)